Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 41

كِتَاب الْمُزَارَعَةِ

The Book of Cultivation and Agriculture

31 hadith · 21 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

11- بَابُ فَضْلِ الزَّرْعِ وَالْغَرْسِ إِذَا أُكِلَ مِنْهُ:(1) Chapter. The superiority of sowing seeds and planting trees if someone of the product is eaten (by people or animals).22- بَابُ مَا يُحْذَرُ مِنْ عَوَاقِبِ الاِشْتِغَالِ بِآلَةِ الزَّرْعِ أَوْ مُجَاوَزَةِ الْحَدِّ الَّذِي أُمِرَ بِهِ:(2) Chapter. What is to be afraid of the results of indulging in agricultural mechanical equipment, or to transgress the prescribed limits.33- بَابُ اقْتِنَاءِ الْكَلْبِ لِلْحَرْثِ:(3) Chapter. Keeping a watch-dog for the farm.44- بَابُ اسْتِعْمَالِ الْبَقَرِ لِلْحِرَاثَةِ:(4) Chapter. Employing oxen for ploughing.55- بَابُ إِذَا قَالَ اكْفِنِي مَئُونَةَ النَّخْلِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ، وَتُشْرِكُنِي فِي الثَّمَرِ:(5) Chapter. (It is permissible for one) to say to another, "Look after my date-palm trees or other trees and share the fruits with me."66- بَابُ قَطْعِ الشَّجَرِ وَالنَّخْلِ:(6) Chapter. The cutting of trees and date-palm trees.77- بَابٌ:(7) Chapter:88- بَابُ الْمُزَارَعَةِ بِالشَّطْرِ وَنَحْوِهِ:(8) Chapter. Temporary share- cropping contract on the basis of dividing the yield into halves, one for each partner or on other basis.99- بَابُ إِذَا لَمْ يَشْتَرِطِ السِّنِينَ فِي الْمُزَارَعَةِ:(9) Chapter. When no period is specified in the contract of share-cropping.1010- بَابٌ:(10) Chapter:1111- بَابُ الْمُزَارَعَةِ مَعَ الْيَهُودِ:(11) Chapter. Share-cropping with the Jews.1212- بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الشُّرُوطِ فِي الْمُزَارَعَةِ:(12) Chapter. What conditions are disliked in share-cropping.1313- بَابُ إِذَا زَرَعَ بِمَالِ قَوْمٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمْ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ صَلاَحٌ لَهُمْ:(13) Chapter. If a person invests the money of someone else in cultivation without taking his permission and the enterprise effects profit, (to whom will the profit belong?)1414- بَابُ أَوْقَافِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَرْضِ الْخَرَاجِ وَمُزَارَعَتِهِمْ وَمُعَامَلَتِهِمْ:(14) Chapter. The Auqaf ( i.e., endowments) of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ and the land of Kharaj (Zakat), the contract of share-cropping and other agreements of the companions.1515- بَابُ مَنْ أَحْيَا أَرْضًا مَوَاتًا:(15) Chapter. Whoever Cultivating the neglected uncultivated land belonging to nobody (will own it).1616- بَابٌ:(16) Chapter:.1717- بَابُ إِذَا قَالَ رَبُّ الأَرْضِ أُقِرُّكَ مَا أَقَرَّكَ اللَّهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَجَلاً مَعْلُومًا فَهُمَا عَلَى تَرَاضِيهِمَا:(17) Chapter. If the owner of the land (says to the tenant), "let you utilize the land as long as Allah permits you," and does not mention a specfic time for the expiration of the lease, then the lease can be continued according to the approval of both the parties.1818- بَابُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُوَاسِي بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا فِي الزِّرَاعَةِ وَالثَّمَرَةِ:(18) Chapter. The companions of the Prophet ﷺ used to share the yields and fruits of their farms with each other gratis.1919- بَابُ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ:(19) Chapter. To rent the land for gold and silver.2020- بَابٌ:(20) Chapter:2121- بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْغَرْسِ:(21) Chapter. What is said about planting trees.

Opening leaves

First narrations

Bukhari · 2320مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَغْرِسُ غَرْسًا أَوْ يَزْرَعُ زَرْعًا فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ طَيْرٌ أَوْ إِنْسَانٌ أَوْ بَهِيمَةٌ إِلَّا كَانَ لَهُ بِهِ صَدَقَةٌAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "There is none amongst the Muslims who plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person or an animal eats from it, but is regarded as a charitable gift for him."10 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2321لَا يَدْخُلُ هَذَا بَيْتَ قَوْمٍ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الذُّلَّI saw some agricultural equipment and said "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying "There is no house in which these equipment enters except that Allah will cause humiliation to enter it."4 narratorsBukhari · 2322مَنْ أَمْسَكَ كَلْبًا فَإِنَّهُ يَنْقُصُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ قِيرَاطٌ ، إِلَّا كَلْبَ حَرْثٍ أَوْ مَاشِيَةٍAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Whoever keeps a dog, one Qirat of the reward of his good deeds is deducted daily, unless the dog is used for guarding a farm or cattle." Abu Huraira (in another narration) said from the Proph10 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2323مَنِ اقْتَنَى كَلْبًا لَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُ زَرْعًا وَلَا ضَرْعًا ، نَقَصَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ قِيرَاطٌAbu Sufyan bin Abu Zuhair, a man from Azd Shanu'a and one of the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, 'If one keeps a dog which is meant for guarding neither a farm nor cattle, one Q5 narratorsBukhari · 2324بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ رَاكِبٌ عَلَى بَقَرَةٍ الْتَفَتَتْ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَتْ : لَمْ أُخْلَقْ لِهَذَا خُلِقْتُ لِلْحِرَاثَةِ ، قَالَ : آمَنْتُ بِهِ أَنَا ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَعُمَرُ ، وَأَخَذَ الذِّئْبُ شَاةً ، فَتَبِعَهَا الThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "While a man was riding a cow, it turned towards him and said, 'I have not been created for this purpose (i.e. carrying), I have been created for ploughing." The Prophet (ﷺ) added, "I, Abu Bakr and 6 narratorsBukhari · 2325قَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : اقْسِمْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ إِخْوَانِنَا النَّخِيلَ ، قَالَ : لَا ، فَقَالُوا : تَكْفُونَا الْمَئُونَةَ وَنَشْرَكْكُمْ فِي الثَّمَرَةِ ، قَالُوا : سَمِعThe Ansar said to the Prophet (ﷺ) "Distribute the date palm trees between us and our emigrant brothers." He replied, "No." The Ansar said (to the emigrants), "Look after the trees (water and watch them) and share the fru5 narratorsBukhari · 2326أَنَّهُ حَرَّقَ نَخْلَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ ، وَقَطَعَ وَهِيَ الْبُوَيْرَةُThe Prophet (ﷺ) got the date palm trees of the tribe of Bani-An-Nadir burnt and the trees cut down at a place called Al-Buwaira . Hassan bin Thabit said in a poetic verse "The chiefs of Bani Lu'ai found it easy to watch 4 narratorsBukhari · 2327كُنَّا أَكْثَرَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مُزْدَرَعًا ، كُنَّا نُكْرِي الْأَرْضَ بِالنَّاحِيَةِ مِنْهَا مُسَمًّى لِسَيِّدِ الْأَرْضِ ، قَالَ : فَمِمَّا يُصَابُ ذَلِكَ وَتَسْلَمُ الْأَرْضُ ، وَمِمَّا يُصَابُ الْأَرْضُ وَيَسْلَمWe worked on farms more than anybody else in Medina. We used to rent the land at the yield of specific delimited portion of it to be given to the landlord. Sometimes the vegetation of that portion was affected by blights5 narratorsBukhari · 2328عَامَلَ خَيْبَرَ بِشَطْرِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِنْ ثَمَرٍ أَوْ زَرْعٍ ، فَكَانَ يُعْطِي أَزْوَاجَهُ مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ ، ثَمَانُونَ وَسْقَ تَمْرٍ ، وَعِشْرُونَ وَسْقَ شَعِيرٍThe Prophet (ﷺ) concluded a contract with the people of Khaibar to utilize the land on the condition that half the products of fruits or vegetation would be their share. The Prophet (ﷺ) used to give his wives one hundred5 narratorsBukhari · 2329عَامَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ بِشَطْرِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِنْ ثَمَرٍ أَوْ زَرْعٍThe Prophet (ﷺ) made a deal with the people of Khaibar that they would have half the fruits and vegetation of the land they cultivated.5 narratorsBukhari · 2330قُلْتُ لِطَاوُسٍ : لَوْ تَرَكْتَ الْمُخَابَرَةَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : أَيْ عَمْرُو ، إِنِّي أُعْطِيهِمْ وَأُغْنِيهِمْ وَإِنَّ أَعْلَمَهُمْ . أَخI said to Tawus, "I wish you would give up Mukhabara (Sharecropping), for the people say that the Prophet forbade it." On that Tawus replied, "O `Amr! I give the land to sharecroppers and help them. No doubt; the most le4 narratorsBukhari · 2331أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَى خَيْبَرَ الْيَهُودَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلُوهَا وَيَزْرَعُوهَا ، وَلَهُمْ شَطْرُ مَا خَرَجَ مِنْهَاAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave the land of Khaibar to the Jew's on the condition that they work on it and cultivate it, and be given half of its yield.5 narrators